spacing in LaTeX

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1.1 Spacing within text in LATEX

horizontal spacings in LaTeX (Text)
description size command example
blank space flexibleword 1 word 2
no break space 6/18 em \nobreakspace word 1 word 2
6/18 em   word 1   word 2
1em space 1em \quad word 1     word 2
2em space 2em \qquad word 1        word 2
small spacing 3/18em \, word 1   word 2
own spacing flexible \hspace{1cm} word 1         word 2
to the end of the line \dotfill word 1 .................................................
\hfill word 1
\hrulefill word 1 ____________________________

 
 
vertical spacings in LaTeX (text)
description size command
small spacing 3pt1 \smallskip
middle spacing 6pt1 \medskip
big spacing 12pt1 \bigskip
own spacing flexible \parskip
own spacing flexible \vspace{size/value}

1 depends on the used documentclass

1.2 spacings within math mode in LATEX

spacings within math in LATEX
description size command example
normale spacing word 1 word 2
small spacing 3/18em \, word 1   word 2
middle spacing 4/18em \: word 1   word 2
big spacing 5/18em \; word 1    word 2
0.5em spacing 0.5em \enspace word 1    word 2
1em spacing 1em \quad word 1     word 2
2em spacing 2em \qquad word 1        word 2
own spacing 18mu = 1em \mspace{18mu} word 1     word 2
own spacing \hspace{1cm} word 1         word 2

 
 
negativ spacings within math in LATEX
description size command example
small negativ spacing -3/18em \! small negativ spacing
middle negativ spacing -4/18em \negmedspace2 middle negativ spacing
big negativ spacing -5/18em \negthickspace2 big negativ spacing
own negativ spacing 18mu = 1em \mspace{-18mu} own negativ spacing 18 mu
own negativ spacing\hspace{-1cm} own negativ spacing
 
 
2 needs AMS-LATEX usepackge amsmath.sty .

 
Source: https://www.latex-kurs.de/fragen/Abstaende_in_Latex.html

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